Here's a link to a 2023 list of recommended changes in health care:
NEWS: Sanders and Marshall Announce Bipartisan Legislation on Primary Care (US Senate Committee on Health, Education, Labor & Pensions, 9-14-23)
"According to the most recent estimates, over the next decade the United States faces a shortage of over 120,000 doctors — including a huge shortage of primary care doctors -- and the nursing shortage may be even worse. Over the next two years alone, it is estimated that we will need between 200,000 and 450,000 more nurses.
"The Sanders-Marshall agreement answers this crisis by providing over $26 billion in funding to expand primary care in America and address the health care workforce shortage:
Provides $5.8 billion a year over the next three years in mandatory funding for community health centers which provide high-quality primary health care to more than 30 million Americans.
Within those funds there is a $245 million per year set aside to expand hours of operation at community health centers and $55 million per year for school-based health services.
Health centers will be newly required to provide nutrition services.
Provides $3 billion in capital funding primarily to enable community health centers to expand dental care and mental health care in their facilities.
Increases funding for the National Health Service Corps from $310 million to $950 million per year over the next three years to provide 2,100 scholarships and debt forgiveness for some 20,000 doctors, nurses, dentists, mental health providers, and other health care professionals who commit to working in our nation's most underserved areas.
Provides $1.5 billion over the next five years in the Teaching Health Center Graduate Medical Education program to create more than 700 new primary care residency slots, which would result in up to 2,800 additional doctors by 2031. This program increases the number of primary care physicians and dental residents trained in community-based settings. In Academic Year 2021-2022, the program funded more than 930 individual primary care medical and dental residents, who provided more than 1.1 million hours of patient care to more than 800,000 patients in medically underserved and rural areas.
Addresses the nursing shortage in America by investing $1.2 billion in grants to community colleges and state universities to increase the number of students enrolled in accredited, two-year registered nursing programs. The schools receiving these awards must use them to expand their class sizes and grow the number of two-year nurses trained across the country. This provision would allow schools to train up to 60,000 additional two-year nurses.
Provides $300 million to produce an additional 2,000 primary care doctors by 2032. The bill will also increase residency programs in rural America through an investment in the Rural Residency Planning and Development program and invests in training and workforce programs for dentists and dental assistants.
The legislation will be fully paid for by combatting the enormous waste, fraud and abuse in the health care system, making it easier for patients to access low-cost generic drugs and holding pharmacy benefit managers accountable, among other provisions.
(Bipartisan Primary Care and Health Workforce Act Bipartisan Offsets)
Possibly for 2011, but clearly about funding, and the ideas listed make sense:
My guess anyone searching for articles and research on these topics would find research gold. Clearly pharmacy benefit managers were a big part of the health care funding problem in 2011 (rather than a solution).
Require honest billing by hospitals
Prohibit facility fees for telehealth and evaluation and management services
Prohibit anticompetitive contract clauses in commercial insurance
Pharmacy Benefit Managers/Generic Drug Package --- a suite of bipartisan bills addressing drug prices through reforms to pharmacy benefit managers (PBMs) and the generic drug market
Delinking PBM service fees
Prevention and Public Health Fund (reduce funding)
Other funding considerations: Up to $22.2 billion.
Medicaid improvement fund: Use these savings primarily to pay for increased funding for community health centers, the National Health Service Corps, and Teaching Health Centers Graduate Medical Education.
Expand program integrity for unemployment insurance
Extend the Sequester, but exclude Medicare (2011)